07.10.2018
Harnsäure ist ein starkes Antioxidans:
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6947260
http://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/63/3/976
"Uric acid (UA) is a powerful scavenger of free radicals and provides ∼60% of free-radical scavenging capacity in plasma (6). Although the antioxidant effect of UA suggests that it might have therapeutic effects, high serum UA concentration is associated with obesity and insulin resistance (7,8), and hyperuricemia has even been proposed as a component of the metabolic syndrome (9). However, it is possible that this increase in circulating levels of UA represents an adaptive response to protect against the detrimental effects of excessive free radicals and oxidative stress (6)."
Erhöhte Harnsäure-Werte senken potentielle das Risiko für neurodegenerative Erkrankungen:
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/the-role-of-uric-acid-as-an-antioxidant-in-selected-neurodegenerative-disease-pathogenesis-a-short-review-2168-975X.1000129.php?aid=26410
"Uric acid also has a role in protecting DNA from single-strand breaks caused by free radicals in the body [11] as well as a protective role in neurodegenerative diseases. Uric acid, as a scavenger of peroxynitrite, has been shown to exhibit protective properties in the inhibition of CNS inflammation and the blood-CNS barrier that has been compromised by peroxynitrite damage [13]. In addition, there was a reduction in encephalomyelitis after treatment with uric acid in the symptoms and increased survivability in a mouse model for multiple sclerosis [14]. Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are known to have lower serum uric acid concentrations and an increase in oxidative stress via the production of nitric oxide and the up-regulation of iNOS whereas patients with gout have been reported not to have MS [35]. "
"In a population study, 4,695 participants screened for PD and patients with Parkinson’s or dementia markers at baseline for each disease were excluded from the data [40]. Results from this study showed that there was a correlation between higher serum uric acid concentrations and a reduced incidence of PD over a course of 9.4 years [40]."
"Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is also characterized by a loss of cognitive function and neuronal degeneration in patients. AD is ultimately considered a neuropsychiatric disorder and the etiology of the disease remains largely unknown. Oxidative stress induced damage by enhanced lipid peroxidation in areas of the brain have been implicated as an underlying factor in disease progression [44]. Free radical damage may also be a factor in β-amyloid plaque formation associated with AD [45]. There is an increase of antioxidants such as catalase and SOD in the hippocampus and amygdala during AD [46,47]. Similar to PD, uric acid is decreased in patients with AD [48,49]. "
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2877961/
"The work of Kono et al. (5), along with the group’s previous reports (13–15), may have inadvertently established a connection with some clinical reports over the years. It has long been known that high uric acid levels in patients are predictive of cardiovascular pathologies (16). Such a connection has been an etiological dilemma. Uric acid is an antioxidant, a major recipient of reactive oxygen species. The enhanced inflammation to sterile irritants other than cell death (e.g., silica crystals) in the uric acid–depleted mice reported in this paper (5) may offer a glimpse into a protective role for this metabolite in other conditions. One can imagine that sufficient uric acid to induce endogenous inflammatory responses only occurs with large-scale cell death and must be associated with uric acid precipitation; in other words, a general antioxidant is converted into a strong inflammatory stimulant only upon its phase transition (6). Although the work of Kono et al. did not address this specific issue (5), recent data have suggested that serum antibodies against uric acid may facilitate its crystallization"
Ich mutmaße, dass neben Faktoren wie Genetik etc. ein erhöhtes Entzündungsmilieu für erhöhte Harnsäurewerte verantwortlich ist.
